Pathological hypertrophy examples9/27/2023 ![]() Although the change from one type of cell to another in metaplasia might be a part of the normal adult maturation processes, as will be discussed later, it is not known to occur during embryonic development 3. Transdifferentiation is a process in which one differentiated cell type converts into a completely different cell type present in the tissue 2. ![]() It is important to distinguish metaplasia from transdifferentiation. Metaplasia is the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another mature differentiated cell type that is not normally present in a specific tissue 1. ![]() Improved clinical screening for and surveillance of metaplasia might lead to better prevention or early detection of dysplasia and cancer. Universally, metaplasia is a precursor to low-grade dysplasia, which can culminate in high-grade dysplasia and carcinoma. A hallmark of metaplasia is a change in cellular identity, and this process can be regulated by transcription factors that initiate and/or maintain cellular identity, perhaps in concert with epigenetic reprogramming. The cell of origin for intestinal metaplasia in the oesophagus and stomach and for pancreatic acinar–ductal metaplasia has been posited through genetic mouse models and lineage tracing but has not been identified in other types of metaplasia, such as squamous metaplasia. Typically, metaplasia is triggered by environmental stimuli, which may act in concert with the deleterious effects of microorganisms and inflammation. Metaplasia is the replacement of one differentiated somatic cell type with another differentiated somatic cell type in the same tissue.
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